Discussion/Overview

Generic Graph

The system model used for the TransC/E Combinatinos can be seen below:

Image showing the TransC generic graph

Optimization Results

The most relevant TransCnE results are listed below. By convention, tessif uses dynamic dimensioning to allow for different scales of amount of energy transferred. The current conventions can be seen/adjusted via tessif.frused.configurations and are as follows for the results below:

  • MW – for energy flows and installed power capacities

  • MWh – for amounts of energy and installed storage capacities

  • EUR – for costs

  • t_CO2 – for emissions (tonns CO2 equivalent)

No Congestion Commitment

The CompC-no-congestions results generated using the using the respective script, are as follows:

Integrated Global Results

IGR [€ or t_CO2]

cllp

fine

omf

ppsa

capex (ppcd)

0

0

0

0

costs (sim)

231793808

231793807

231793807

231793807

emissions (sim)

482759

482759

482759

482759

opex (ppcd)

231793807

231793807

231793806

231793807

Image showing the TransC costs IGR as bar chart Image showing the TransC non_costs IGR as bar chart

Medium Voltage Grid Loads Results

Comparing the integrated global results from above as well as the detailed numerical load results of the high, medium and low voltage grid busses, shows, that the different softwares all solve the TransC model-scenario-combination quite similarly.

The representative summed loads bar plot as well as the load profile plot for software “oemof” are shown below.

Summed Loads

Load-Medium Voltage Grid [MW]

cllp

fine

omf

ppsa

Car charging Station

37026

37026

37026

37026

Deficit Source MV

0

0

0

0

Excess Sink MV

0

0

0

0

High Medium Transfer

-849604

-849604

-849604

-849604

Industrial Demand

1229008

1229008

1229008

1229008

Low Medium Transfer

-103346

-103346

-103346

-103346

Medium High Transfer

0

0

0

0

Medium Low Transfer

645101

645101

645101

645101

Onshore Wind Power

-1099866

-1099866

-1099866

-1099866

Power to Heat

141680

141680

141680

141680

Inflows are negative, outflows positive. Connected zero-flow nodes are not shown:

Image showing the TransC medium voltage gird load results
Load Profile Plot “Oemof”

Deficit Source MV

High Medium Transfer

Low Medium Transfer

Onshore Wind Power

Car charging Station

Excess Sink MV

Industrial Demand

Medium High Transfer

Medium Low Transfer

Power to Heat

2030-10-13 00:00:00

0

-21530.999

0.0

-61321.041

199.55034

0

41420.707

0

34579.956

6651.8273

2030-10-13 01:00:00

0

-19679.209

0.0

-57645.374

33.761407

0

39808.658

0

25675.673

11806.491

2030-10-13 02:00:00

0

-20854.971

0.0

-55988.777

23.179135

0

40077.333

0

22120.867

14622.369

2030-10-13 03:00:00

0

-24432.298

0.0

-52771.444

23.179135

0

40077.333

0

20636.279

16466.952

2030-10-13 04:00:00

0

-25190.678

0.0

-52130.374

79.617922

0

36853.235

0

21393.545

18994.654

2030-10-13 05:00:00

0

-25431.492

0.0

-47729.758

93.727619

0

36002.431

0

24427.32

12637.772

2030-10-13 06:00:00

0

-26990.02

0.0

-43383.064

912.09003

0

37927.934

0

29254.143

2278.9176

2030-10-13 07:00:00

0

-44435.758

0.0

-43520.864

1698.7056

0

43883.56

0

42374.356

0.0

2030-10-13 08:00:00

0

-58020.43

0.0

-43664.656

2192.545

0

47645.008

0

51847.533

0.0

2030-10-13 09:00:00

0

-60000.0

0.0

-36630.859

3473.0

0

58750.236

0

34407.624

0.0

2030-10-13 10:00:00

0

-57285.428

0.0

-26343.783

3444.7806

0

58750.236

0

21434.195

0.0

2030-10-13 11:00:00

0

-33327.749

-5472.3418

-25663.769

3250.7723

0

61213.088

0

0.0

0.0

2030-10-13 12:00:00

0

-17294.145

-19706.517

-29453.272

3360.1224

0

63093.812

0

0.0

0.0

2030-10-13 13:00:00

0

-13018.034

-28889.815

-35624.32

3134.3673

0

61750.438

0

0.0

12647.364

2030-10-13 14:00:00

0

-12406.164

-30432.837

-42280.663

2707.5489

0

60138.389

0

0.0

22273.726

2030-10-13 15:00:00

0

-16375.402

-18844.881

-44012.151

2234.8741

0

59601.039

0

0.0

17396.521

2030-10-13 16:00:00

0

-23472.995

0.0

-45315.261

2005.5915

0

59869.714

0

3319.4264

3593.5244

2030-10-13 17:00:00

0

-53098.587

0.0

-40621.071

1716.3428

0

59601.039

0

32402.276

0.0

2030-10-13 18:00:00

0

-60000.0

0.0

-39003.418

1758.6718

0

61213.088

0

36031.657

0.0

2030-10-13 19:00:00

0

-60000.0

0.0

-45599.848

1790.4187

0

60944.414

0

42865.016

0.0

2030-10-13 20:00:00

0

-60000.0

0.0

-50297.034

1233.0856

0

55257.462

0

53806.486

0.0

2030-10-13 21:00:00

0

-53983.53

0.0

-54613.772

859.17867

0

53600.634

0

54137.489

0.0

2030-10-13 22:00:00

0

-38829.106

0.0

-59652.462

509.96367

0

47376.333

0

50595.271

0.0

2030-10-13 23:00:00

0

-23947.329

0.0

-66599.384

291.26337

0

44152.235

0

43792.749

2310.4665

Inflows are represented as stacked bars, outflows as stacked step plots. Connected zero-flow nodes are not shown:

Image showing the TransC medium voltage gird load results

Redispatch

For the No-Congestion TransC combination no redispatch is needed.

Circulated Energy Transport

For the No-Congestion TransC combination no energy is circulated between busses to reduce the amount of excess sink fed energy (which is costly).

Congestion Commitment

The CompC.congestions results generated using the using the respective script, are as follows:

Integrated Global Results

IGR [€ or t_CO2]

cllp

fine

omf

ppsa

capex (ppcd)

0

0

0

0

costs (sim)

315601734

315601734

315601734

315601734

emissions (sim)

476089

449817

476089

449817

opex (ppcd)

315601732

315601732

315601732

315601732

Image showing the TransC costs IGR as bar chart Image showing the TransC non_costs IGR as bar chart

Medium Voltage Grid Loads Results

Comparing the integrated global results from above as well as the detailed numerical load results of the high, medium and low voltage grid busses, shows, that the different softwares all solve the TransC model-scenario-combination quite similarly.

The representative summed loads bar plot as well as the load profile plot for software “oemof” are shown below.

Summed Loads

Load-Medium Voltage Grid [MW]

cllp

fine

omf

ppsa

Car charging Station

37026

37026

37026

37026

Deficit Source MV

-38460

-38460

-38460

-38460

Excess Sink MV

0

0

0

0

High Medium Transfer

-428888

-428888

-428888

-428888

Industrial Demand

1229008

1229008

1229008

1229008

Low Medium Transfer

-91480

-91480

-91480

-91480

Medium High Transfer

0

0

0

0

Medium Low Transfer

219628

219628

219628

219628

Onshore Wind Power

-1099866

-1099866

-1099866

-1099866

Power to Heat

173033

173033

173033

173033

Inflows are negative, outflows positive. Connected zero-flow nodes are not shown:

Image showing the TransC medium voltage gird load results
Load Profile Plot “Oemof”

Deficit Source MV

High Medium Transfer

Low Medium Transfer

Onshore Wind Power

Car charging Station

Excess Sink MV

Industrial Demand

Medium High Transfer

Medium Low Transfer

Power to Heat

2030-10-13 00:00:00

0.0

-16064.385

0.0

-61321.041

199.55034

0

41420.707

0

20000.0

15765.169

2030-10-13 01:00:00

0.0

-15885.158

0.0

-57645.374

33.761407

0

39808.658

0

20000.0

13688.112

2030-10-13 02:00:00

0.0

-18600.0

0.0

-55988.777

23.179135

0

40077.333

0

18747.566

15740.699

2030-10-13 03:00:00

0.0

-18600.0

0.0

-52771.444

23.179135

0

40077.333

0

11911.51

19359.422

2030-10-13 04:00:00

0.0

-18600.0

0.0

-52130.374

79.617922

0

36853.235

0

12172.04

21625.482

2030-10-13 05:00:00

0.0

-18600.0

0.0

-47729.758

93.727619

0

36002.431

0

15205.815

15027.785

2030-10-13 06:00:00

0.0

-18600.0

0.0

-43383.064

912.09003

0

37927.934

0

20000.0

3143.0399

2030-10-13 07:00:00

0.0

-18600.0

0.0

-43520.864

1698.7056

0

43883.56

0

16538.598

0.0

2030-10-13 08:00:00

0.0

-18600.0

0.0

-43664.656

2192.545

0

47645.008

0

12427.102

0.0

2030-10-13 09:00:00

-6992.3761

-18600.0

0.0

-36630.859

3473.0

0

58750.236

0

0.0

0.0

2030-10-13 10:00:00

-17251.233

-18600.0

0.0

-26343.783

3444.7806

0

58750.236

0

0.0

0.0

2030-10-13 11:00:00

-6752.0694

-18600.0

-13448.022

-25663.769

3250.7723

0

61213.088

0

0.0

0.0

2030-10-13 12:00:00

0.0

-18400.663

-18600.0

-29453.272

3360.1224

0

63093.812

0

0.0

0.0

2030-10-13 13:00:00

0.0

-15807.984

-18600.0

-35624.32

3134.3673

0

61750.438

0

0.0

5147.4985

2030-10-13 14:00:00

0.0

-15614.484

-18600.0

-42280.663

2707.5489

0

60138.389

0

0.0

13649.21

2030-10-13 15:00:00

0.0

-16441.798

-18600.0

-44012.151

2234.8741

0

59601.039

0

0.0

17218.036

2030-10-13 16:00:00

0.0

-18600.0

-3632.974

-45315.261

2005.5915

0

59869.714

0

0.0

5672.9293

2030-10-13 17:00:00

-2096.3111

-18600.0

0.0

-40621.071

1716.3428

0

59601.039

0

0.0

0.0

2030-10-13 18:00:00

-5368.3426

-18600.0

0.0

-39003.418

1758.6718

0

61213.088

0

0.0

0.0

2030-10-13 19:00:00

0.0

-18600.0

0.0

-45599.848

1790.4187

0

60944.414

0

1465.0159

0.0

2030-10-13 20:00:00

0.0

-18600.0

0.0

-50297.034

1233.0856

0

55257.462

0

12406.486

0.0

2030-10-13 21:00:00

0.0

-18600.0

0.0

-54613.772

859.17867

0

53600.634

0

18753.959

0.0

2030-10-13 22:00:00

0.0

-15627.265

0.0

-59652.462

509.96367

0

47376.333

0

20000.0

7393.4297

2030-10-13 23:00:00

0.0

-17447.163

0.0

-66599.384

291.26337

0

44152.235

0

20000.0

19603.048

Inflows are represented as stacked bars, outflows as stacked step plots. Connected zero-flow nodes are not shown:

Image showing the TransC medium voltage gird load results

Redispatch

For the Congestion TransC combination a small amount of power is redispatched during 2 of the 24 timesteps as shown below.

Timeseries-High Voltage Grid [MW]

Redispatch High -> Medium

2030-10-13 17:00:00

2096

2030-10-13 18:00:00

5368

Circulated Energy Transport

For the Congestion TransC combination no energy is circulated between busses to reduce the amount of excess sink fed energy (which is costly).

Medium and High

Timeseries-Medium Voltage Grid [MW]

Circulation Medium and High

Expansion

The TransE results generated using the using the respective script, are as follows:

Integrated Global Results

IGR [€ or t_CO2]

cllp

fine

omf

ppsa

capex (ppcd)

939554

981554

939554

939554

costs (sim)

229708134

229750135

229708135

229708135

emissions (sim)

484261

484261

484261

484261

opex (ppcd)

228768580

228768581

228768581

228768581

Image showing the TransE costs IGR as bar chart Image showing the TransE non_costs IGR as bar chart

Transfer Grid Installed Capacity

Nodes

cllp

fine

omf

ppsa

High Medium Transfer

69567

69567

69567

69567

Medium High Transfer

20000

18600

20000

19999

Medium Low Transfer

53955

53955

53955

53955

Low Medium Transfer

30432

30432

30432

30432

Image showing the TransE installed transfer grid capacities

Medium Voltage Grid Loads Results

Comparing the integrated global results from above as well as the detailed numerical load results of the high, medium and low voltage grid busses, shows, that the different softwares all solve the TransC model-scenario-combination quite similarly.

The representative summed loads bar plot as well as the load profile plot for software “oemof” are shown below.

Summed Loads

Load-Medium Voltage Grid [MW]

cllp

fine

omf

ppsa

Car charging Station

37026

37026

37026

37026

Deficit Source MV

0

0

0

0

Excess Sink MV

0

0

0

0

High Medium Transfer

-877977

-877977

-877977

-877977

Industrial Demand

1229008

1229008

1229008

1229008

Low Medium Transfer

-103346

-103346

-103346

-103346

Medium High Transfer

0

0

0

0

Medium Low Transfer

673475

673475

673475

673475

Onshore Wind Power

-1099866

-1099866

-1099866

-1099866

Power to Heat

141680

141680

141680

141680

Inflows are negative, outflows positive. Connected zero-flow nodes are not shown:

Image showing the TransC medium voltage gird load results
Load Profile Plot “Oemof”

Deficit Source MV

High Medium Transfer

Low Medium Transfer

Onshore Wind Power

Car charging Station

Excess Sink MV

Industrial Demand

Medium High Transfer

Medium Low Transfer

Power to Heat

2030-10-13 00:00:00

0

-21530.999

0.0

-61321.041

199.55034

0

41420.707

0

34579.956

6651.8273

2030-10-13 01:00:00

0

-19679.209

0.0

-57645.374

33.761407

0

39808.658

0

25675.673

11806.491

2030-10-13 02:00:00

0

-20854.971

0.0

-55988.777

23.179135

0

40077.333

0

22120.867

14622.369

2030-10-13 03:00:00

0

-24432.298

0.0

-52771.444

23.179135

0

40077.333

0

20636.279

16466.952

2030-10-13 04:00:00

0

-25190.678

0.0

-52130.374

79.617922

0

36853.235

0

21393.545

18994.654

2030-10-13 05:00:00

0

-25431.492

0.0

-47729.758

93.727619

0

36002.431

0

24427.32

12637.772

2030-10-13 06:00:00

0

-26990.02

0.0

-43383.064

912.09003

0

37927.934

0

29254.143

2278.9176

2030-10-13 07:00:00

0

-44435.758

0.0

-43520.864

1698.7056

0

43883.56

0

42374.356

0.0

2030-10-13 08:00:00

0

-58020.43

0.0

-43664.656

2192.545

0

47645.008

0

51847.533

0.0

2030-10-13 09:00:00

0

-67129.06

0.0

-36630.859

3473.0

0

58750.236

0

41536.684

0.0

2030-10-13 10:00:00

0

-57285.428

0.0

-26343.783

3444.7806

0

58750.236

0

21434.195

0.0

2030-10-13 11:00:00

0

-33327.749

-5472.3418

-25663.769

3250.7723

0

61213.088

0

0.0

0.0

2030-10-13 12:00:00

0

-17294.145

-19706.517

-29453.272

3360.1224

0

63093.812

0

0.0

0.0

2030-10-13 13:00:00

0

-13018.034

-28889.815

-35624.32

3134.3673

0

61750.438

0

0.0

12647.364

2030-10-13 14:00:00

0

-12406.164

-30432.837

-42280.663

2707.5489

0

60138.389

0

0.0

22273.726

2030-10-13 15:00:00

0

-16375.402

-18844.881

-44012.151

2234.8741

0

59601.039

0

0.0

17396.521

2030-10-13 16:00:00

0

-23472.995

0.0

-45315.261

2005.5915

0

59869.714

0

3319.4264

3593.5244

2030-10-13 17:00:00

0

-53098.587

0.0

-40621.071

1716.3428

0

59601.039

0

32402.276

0.0

2030-10-13 18:00:00

0

-67467.231

0.0

-39003.418

1758.6718

0

61213.088

0

43498.889

0.0

2030-10-13 19:00:00

0

-69567.123

0.0

-45599.848

1790.4187

0

60944.414

0

52432.139

0.0

2030-10-13 20:00:00

0

-64210.078

0.0

-50297.034

1233.0856

0

55257.462

0

58016.564

0.0

2030-10-13 21:00:00

0

-53983.53

0.0

-54613.772

859.17867

0

53600.634

0

54137.489

0.0

2030-10-13 22:00:00

0

-38829.106

0.0

-59652.462

509.96367

0

47376.333

0

50595.271

0.0

2030-10-13 23:00:00

0

-23947.329

0.0

-66599.384

291.26337

0

44152.235

0

43792.749

2310.4665

Inflows are represented as stacked bars, outflows as stacked step plots. Connected zero-flow nodes are not shown:

Image showing the TransC medium voltage gird load results

Redispatch

For the TransE combination no redispatch is needed.

Circulated Energy Transport

For the TransE combination no energy is circulated between busses to reduce the amount of excess sink fed energy (which is costly).

Comparison

Costs

Image showing the TransC/E Total Costs Comparison Image showing the TransC/E Opex Comparison Image showing the TransC/E Capex Comparison

Installed Transfer Grid Capacities

Image showing the TransC-No-Congestion Grid Capacities Image showing the TransC-Congestion Grid Capacities Image showing the TransE  Grid Capacities

Computationel Ressources Used

Among the Trans combinations the Congestion scenario is the most time intensive (if only slightly). Due to the relatively short timeframe optimized transformation and post-processing constribute significantly to overall ressources used.

Timing Results

Time [s]

cllp

fine

omf

ppsa

reading

0.5

0.5

0.5

1.1

parsing

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.9

transformation

1.7

0.3

0.0

1.6

optimization

2.5

0.9

0.5

1.6

post_processing

4.6

1.1

1.2

1.8

result

9.7

3.1

2.6

6.9

Image showing the TransC congestion timing results

Memory Results

Memory [MB]

cllp

fine

omf

ppsa

reading

1.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

parsing

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

transformation

34.0

13.0

0.0

2.0

optimization

22.0

3.0

2.0

3.0

post_processing

21.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

result

79.0

18.0

4.0

6.0

Image showing the TransC congestion memory results

Advanced Graphs

Following sections show the advanced graph representations of the three model-scenario-combinations investigated. Since result variation in between softwares compared is low, only the Oemof graph is shown.

No Congestion Commitment

Image showing the TransC no-congestion advanced graph

Congestion Commitment

Image showing the TransC congestion advanced graph

Expansion

Image showing the TransE advanced graph

Key Observations

Comparing the above advanced graph visulaizations, three main differences are easily observed between the three scenarios:

  1. Inside the Commitment - congestion scenario the high to medium transfer line is used to full capacity

  2. In comparison to the other two Trans scenarios, the low voltage deficit source is used in the Commitment - congestion scenario:

  3. In the Expansion scenario the is overall less expensive to expand high to medium and medium to high transfer capacities and utilize the high voltage connected coal fired power plant in comparison the bio gas fired low voltage connected cogeneration plant (BHKW)

Key Conclusions

  1. The Key Goal could be served in the sense of developing a reference supply system model in conjunction with two relevant and contemporary scenario formulations to test out the modelling softwares Calliope, Fine, Oemof and Pypsa.

  2. All of the 4 aims (Thesis-> Method -> Modelling -> MSC Selection ) formulated, with regards to component focused model behaviour, were successfully addressed:

    1. Modelling energy transportation losses and maximum transferable energy in grid-like components:

      • The component-combination High Medium Transfer/ Medium High Transfer and Medium Low Transfer/ Low Medium Transfer represent electrical energy transport components able to model flow rate dependend losses in form of an efficiency value as well as a maximum flow rate via installed capacity as discussed in detail in Hanke, Ammon in subsections 3.8.5 to 3.8.8

    2. Modelling grid congestion issues:

    3. Modelling congestion issue related redispatch:

    4. Potential expansion of transportation capacities to avoid two and three.

  3. In addition to that following insights were gained with regards to the softwares used:

    1. Given the same input it is possible, but not necessarily directly implied, to produce the exact same results on relatively large and complex energy supply system models for all softwares investigated. Also and in particular when modelling grid like structures with the help of two tessif transformer components, as desmonstrated.

    2. Using two tessif transformer components in conjunction with an excess sink and deficit source allows modelling required redispatch efficiently. It also ensures the solver can find an optimal solution by providing unlimited albeit expensive energy in- and output.

    3. As seen in the Integrated Global Results, emission allocation differs between softwares. If however neither storage nore connector components are used in conjunction with allocated emissions, deviation is relatively small. In addtion, if the investigated scenario does not impose an emission limit, as in the above scenarios, no subsequent result variation are observed.

    4. The benefits of Tessif facilitating energy supply system model creation, transformation, optimization, post-processing, result comparison and visualization again become observable when inspecting the programming code with which the above results were generated.

    5. On comparitevly small optimization timeframes like the above 24 hourly steps Tessif introduced need of computational ressources is significant It therfor has to be taken into account in cases where a lot of these small optimizations are to be performed in parallel.

      Comparing the computational ressourcess needed between softwares on the above model-scenario-combinations, it seems as though tessif-oemof is generally more efficient than tessif-fine, which is more efficient than tessif-pypsa, which in turn is more efficient than tessif-calliope.